Why do some objects bounce off the ground (balls) whereas others would break (eggs)?
Some objects can deform elastically, storing energy in the process, while others can’t. The surface of a rubber ball is made up of long, flexible molecules called polymers that can bend and stretch without breaking. As the ball’s surface dents during an impact, these polymer molecules move about and begin to exert forces on one another (storing energy in the process). As the ball rebounds, these molecules release their stored energy and push the ball back into the air. An egg, on the other hand, is made of hard, crystalline material that shatters during the deformation. Whole rows of atoms and molecules rip apart from one another and are unable to return. The egg doesn’t store the impact energy. Instead, it turns that energy into thermal energy. The shell just crumbles.